What role do investment banks play in the economy?

Investment banks play a crucial role in the economy by helping businesses raise capital and providing advisory services. They assist corporations in navigating complex financial markets to obtain the necessary funds for expansion, acquisitions, and various projects. This process often involves underwriting new debt and equity securities, making it easier for companies to access public markets.

Additionally, investment banks offer advisory services that are vital for major financial decisions such as mergers and acquisitions. They help companies evaluate potential deals, assess market conditions, and determine fair valuations, ensuring that business transactions are viable and beneficial.

In contrast, the other options focus on areas that are outside the primary functions of investment banks. Personal banking services and managing savings accounts are typically associated with commercial banks, which cater to individual consumers rather than corporations seeking capital. Retail banking transactions also fall under the domain of commercial banks, emphasizing everyday financial services rather than the specialized functions of investment banks. Thus, option B accurately captures the essence of the role that investment banks play in the broader economy.